中考英语常见的几种特殊替代用法详解2

2. this
this 在介绍某人或某物时，指的是靠近自己的一方。
A: Hi, Mr. Smith, This is my friend, Bill.
B: Nice to meet you, Bill.
C: Nice to meet you, Mr. Smith.
This 在电话用语中指的是自己。
A: Hello, may I speak to Miss Li?
B: This is Miss Li speaking. (我就是李女士)
which、that 、who、whom在定语从句中的替代用法
1. which 在句中放指物的先行词后或整个句子后，引导限定性定语从句或非限定性定语从句。
She said I was lazy, which isn’t true.( which替代句子 She said I was lazy)
This is the pen which was bought by my father. (which替代的是 the pen)
2. that在句中放先行词后，引导限定性定语从句。既可指物，也可指人。
The book that she borrowed from the library was lost. ( that替代的是The book)
The man that with a knife in his hand is a murderer. (that替代的是The man )