In an effort to close the gap in the quality of care between wealthy and poor countries, health professionals from more than 100 nations are meeting in Ethiopia. The exit of doctors and nurses seeking better-paying jobs overseas is hurting progress toward better care in developing countries.
来自一百多个国家的卫生专家在埃塞俄比亚聚会，商讨拉近富有国家和穷困国家之间医疗品质差距的问题。如今发展中国家的医护人员为了寻求更好的待遇而出走，妨碍了这些国家改良医疗措施的努力方向。
The 13th World Congress on Public Health is focused on the opportunities, but also the threats to improving the quality of health care in less developed countries.
这次在埃塞俄比亚举行的会议是第13届世界卫生大会。讨论的焦点是改良卫生品质的努力在发展度较低的国家中所面临的威胁。
Ethiopian Public Health Association President Dr. Tewabech Bishaw says this gathering is one step in a long struggle that began before the 1970s “In the '70s there was the “Health For All” slogan, and everybody was agreed and committed to achieving health for all by the year 2000. Then in 2000 we set Millennium Development Goals with those targets.
埃塞俄比亚公共卫生协会会长特瓦贝克说，这次聚会是自1970年代起长期努力奋斗的一个步骤。她说：“在70年代，有一句口号是‘全民健康’。当时每一个人都立下，要在两千年之前完成全民健康的目标。后来到了两千年，我们又设定千禧年发展计划，我们不能一再延迟我们的目标，而是要以公正的态度，认真和诚意地处理这些事务。”
We cannot just move the goalposts over and over, but be serious about these things and address them honestly in a manner of justice,” she said.
Tewabech says among the biggest obstacles to closing the quality gap in health care is the same as in many other areas of development. The best and brightest are being attracted by better salaries and working conditions abroad. She says wealthy nations should be made to pay poorer countries for the loss of their top professionals who emigrate in search of a better life.
特瓦贝克博士说，拉近医疗服务品质差距的大障碍和许多其它方面发展的障碍相同。优秀和有前途的人才都被国外更好的待遇和工作环境吸引过去。她说，富有国家应该为贫穷国家的顶尖专业人才为了寻求更好的生活而外流所遭受的损失付出赔偿。
"You see a lot of these professionals are moving to developed countries, and those countries in the developing world are losing their finances that they spend through training, and then losing their human resources that would have provided for the population. There is injustice, unfairness in this. It is about time these nations sit around the table and look squarely at the problems and issues of services so equitable apportioning of these resources are made," she said.
她还说：“你看到许多专业人才前往发达国家。这些发展中国家为了培训这些人才所花费的金钱也就付诸流水。它们还丧失了为自己人民所储备的人力资源。这是不道义而且是不公平的。现在正是让这些国家坐在同一张桌上，坦诚处理公平分配资源问题的时候。”
Tewabech says among the most pressing priorities is closing the gap in maternal and child mortality rates, which remain alarmingly high in developing countries despite repeated health campaigns. She said the origin of the gap can be traced to traditional attitudes in many developing countries that favor boys over girls.
“Boys are preferred in a household, the availability of food, early marriage, and the lack of education, because if a family has a boy and a girl, and if because of circumstances they have to choose to send one to school, they will send the boy and not the girl. So education has a lot to do with the well-being and survival of the children,” she said.
This is the second time the World Congress on Public Health has been held in Africa in its nearly 40-year history. The event is jointly funded by several U.N and U.S. government entities, along with a host of private pharmaceutical, insurance and health-care companies.
这是将近40年来，世界卫生大会第二次在非洲国家举行。会议由联合国和美国的几个机构赞助，并由几家私营的制药公司、保险公司以及医疗机构共同主办。
