历年考研英语经典长难句分析（46）

句一：

2010年英语一的阅读理解文章Text1开头首段只有一句话，一句话撑起一段，典型的长句子(32词)：Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.

句子长难在于出现从句和介词短语修饰成分;

逗号前：

that从句:that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century. 从句由从属连词that引导，观察that本身在从句中充当的成分：从句的谓语动词为have taken place，that充当的是主语;而that从句跟在名词all the changes后头，所以that从句是定语从句，修饰限定all the changes。

从句的修饰成分： in English-language newspaper 在英语报纸上，in介词短语做状语，during the past quarter-century在过去四分之一世纪里(即在过去25年里)，做时间状语，两个状语修饰谓语动词;

划掉从句，本句逗号前为：Of all the changes, 介词短语 ：在所有变化中。

理解：定语从句翻译到所修饰的名词前，that从属连词不翻译，——逗号前：在过去的25年里在英语报纸上发生的所有变化中。

逗号后：

perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.

句子中出现in the scope and seriouness 构成的in介词短语，做decline(名词)的定语，

of their arts coverage，of介词短语做定语，修饰 the scope and seriouness;

理解：coverage这里指的是报道，arts coverage，艺术报道; the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage——他们艺术报道的范围和严肃性;the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage——他们艺术报道的范围和严肃性不可遏止的衰落。

全句理解：在过去的25年里在英语报纸上发生的所有变化中，可能影响最为深远的是他们艺术报道的范围和严肃性不可遏止的衰落。

断句、语法分析、难点分析、翻译，其中语法分析需要详细分析出分词短语作状语、with结构做状语、状语从句、定语从句、作定语的短语、宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、形式主语

句二：

We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.

newsprint ：新闻用纸，白报纸 publications:出版发行，出版物; unfocused漫无边际的，分散的

本句28词，观察逗号前:

published in England： newspaper reviews (报刊评论)和publish(发表)构成被动关系，报刊评论是被发表在的，因此这里是一个published in England的动词过去分词短语做定语，修饰限定newspaper reviews;

between the turn of the 20th century and eve of World War II: 在20世纪初和二战前期，介词短语做定语，还是修饰newspaper reviews;

所以前半句理解：我们甚至和20世纪初和二战前期发表在英国的漫无边际的报刊评论相去甚远;

逗号后:

观察逗号后发现两个从句，由 when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications 和 in which it appeared ;

When引导的从句前面a time,表示时间的名词，时间名词+when从句，因此when是定语从句;

in which 从句跟在pulications 后头， in which it appeared定语从句，修饰限定publications，所以when引导的从句可以看成到整个句末结束。

所以后半句理解： 在当时，新闻用纸十分便宜且华丽的艺术评论被视为它所出现的出版物的一种装饰。